Environmental DNA (eDNA) technology, when combined with mātauranga Māori, unlocks deeper, more nuanced insights into freshwater ecosystems than either could provide alone. This cutting-edge, non-invasive method allows us to detect species presence by collecting genetic material shed into the water – from skin, scales, or waste – without disturbing the environment. It offers unparalleled sensitivity, even identifying elusive or rare species, and provides a comprehensive snapshot of biodiversity that significantly strengthens and complements traditional knowledge.